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In the biblical narrative of the Tower of Babel, all of humanity once spoke a only language until they unexpectedly split into many groups unable to understand each other. We don't really know if such an original word ever existed, but we do know that the thousands of conversations existing today can be traced back to a much smaller number. So how did we end up with so many In the early days of human migration? The macrocosm was much less occupied Groups of beings that shared a single language and culture, often split into smaller tribes, get separate courses in search of fresh competition and fertile arrive As they moved and settled in new plazas. They became isolated from one another and developed in different ways. Centuries of living in different conditions, devouring different nutrient and encountering different neighbours turned similar languages with varied inflection and vocabulary into radically different languages. Continuing to divide as people flourished and spread out further, Like genealogists modern linguists. Try to planned this process by retrace variou expressions back as far as they can to their common predecessor or protolanguage. A group of all languages pertained in this way is called a language family which can contain numerous branches and sub homes. So how do we be decided whether words are related in the first place, Similar sounding commands, don't tell us much, They could be false, cognates or just immediately borrowed terms rather than derived from a common root. Grammar and syntax are a more reliable guide, as well as basic dictionary such as pronouns quantities or kinship expressions, that's less likely to be borrowed By systematically likening these features and looking for regular patterns of clang changes and letters between usages, linguists can determine affinities Trace specific steps in their evolution and even reconstruct earlier speeches with no written document, Linguistics can even expose other important historical evidences, such as determining the geographic origins and lifestyles of ancient publics based on which of their terms were native and which were acquired. There are two main problems linguists face when erecting these language home, trees. One is that there is no clear course of deciding where the chapters at the bottom should purpose. That is which accents should be considered separate lingos, or vice versa. Chinese is classified as a single language, but its lexicons vary to the point of being mutually inscrutable, while talkers of Spanish and Portuguese can often understand each other Languages actually spoken by living, parties are not available in neatly fractioned categories, but tend to transition gradually spanning perimeters And classifications, Often the difference between lingos and languages is a matter of varying political and national thoughts rather than any linguistic aspects. This is why the answer to How many languages are there can be anywhere between 3 000 and 8 000, depending on who's counting. The other question is that the far we move back in time towards the top of the tree, the less suggestion we have about the languages there. The current discord of major expression kinfolks represents the limit at which affairs can be established with tolerable certainty, meaning that lingos of various types of houses are presumed not to be related on different levels. But this may change While many proposals for higher level affinities or super categories are speculative. Some have been widely accepted and others are is deemed to be, especially for native conversations, with big loudspeaker populations that have not been extensively studied. We may never be able to determine how language came about or whether all human conversations did in fact have a common ancestor sown through the babel of movement, But the next time you sounds a foreign communication given attention. It is no longer able be as foreign as you think . .
